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I have a Oranda that floats to the top and lays upside down several times a day. When he stops swimming in mid water he looses his balance and his tail end floats up, and he looses his equilibrium. He can quickly gain control of his equilibrium when I approach him and hethinks it is time to be fed. He has a good appetite.

I started my hobby about three months ago. I have four gold fish in a50 gallon aquarium. They range in size from 2 inches (two Ryukins) to 3 1/2 inches (two black and gold Orandas). I have very good water quality with a Fluval cannister filter. I perform weekly partial water changes, using natural bottled spring water, with the appropriate amount of aquarium salt, as directed, and I change the filter media, carbon and amonia remover regularly. I add stress coat, and stress zyme as needed, according to the directions. I deocorate with artifical plants. I feel like I have educated myself appropriately, to be able to provide a healthy environment for my gold fish.

For the fishes diet, I feed them fresh green vegetables, spinach, endive and romaine lettuce, once a day or so. I also feed them twice a day, ahigh quality flake food for gold fish, Omega One and Aquarian gold fish flakes. For the last month, in the evening, I substitute the flake food for frozen brine shrimp at the advise of my pet store owner. The reasonfor the advise is that he believes my Oranda is suffering from swimbladder disfunction. He belives the brine shrimp will clear hisintestines. Some days he seems to be improving, but overall, I think he is getting worse.

I have a quarantine tank set up that I can put him in, if he would benefit from any medication or special diet. I also am concerned that his condition may spread to the other three fish. The other three are thriving in the aquarium environment. I would appreciate your advise as to the possible cause for my red and black Oranda's equalibrium difficulties, and your advise as to how I can help him. I look forwardto hearing from you.

Thank you very much. I really enjoy the web pages and am so pleasedthat this great hobby is celebrated in such a honorable fashion.

Kimberly Jelus

AIR BLADDER DISEASE

SYMPTOMS: upside down thing.

CAUSE: This is usually caused by any type of pelleted foods. These darn little buggers eat like pigs and hog the food up. The pelleted food swells up inside them causing air bubbles.

TREATMENT-CURE: There is no real cure. You can treat them for it with antibiotics or stop feeding any type of pelleted food for about 3 weeks (or until you notice they have improved). After that time, follow the feeding method you are using. They may improve slightly but will never get well. They will forever do their little upside down thing. They can live for years this way too. It does not seem to be contagious, however treating fish in a hospital tank is always the best idea.

Goldfish are especially prone to get bacterial infections because of the high levels of waste output they create. Most aquarists keep goldfish in warmer water than they are native too. Our tanks are in our homes, so room temperature of the water probably never drops much below 70 degrees. This warmer water condition increases the goldfishes metabolism and respiration rate, thus deplete valuable oxygen quantities. Another thing you must remember is that Orandas are mutated by man. Many of these mutated varieties have difficulties breathing as efficiently as their wild ancestors, therefore many varieties must be constantly on the move to assure that oxygen will pass through its gills. Also the large mutated caps these fish have are very cumbersome and make it difficult for them to swim as gracefully as say an angelfish or tetra. If your fish is truly experiencing swim bladder problems it will take a while to disappear. But if he is eating that is the number one sign of health.  Thawed frozen green peas are a treat that your fish will love. Andre's Special blend flake food is also great for your fish. Keep up the good work!!!!!If you continue to provide good consistent care like you have been, most of your symptoms will clear. Your hospital tank is something that I would recommend using and will be very beneficial in treating any disease.

Read Andre's Aquarium page 2 http://user.aol.com/andrerich/aquarium/page2.htm, Just remember not to over load the system with food or fish, your fish are going to become very large. When you clean the filters be sure to rinse the pads and media in aquarium water, do not over clean, do not kill the bacteria with chlorine.

"The Aquarium Doctor"

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There are basic aquatic biotopes common to plant and animal species around the world. When the hobbyists understands what these basic biotopes are, they can provide a appropriate home for a variety of fish and plant species.

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Question.....Doctor, I am looking for a tropical fish store in the Queens , NY area that has the greatest number of varieties of species, including rare ones . And if not found could they be ordered . Thank you, Edward

Answer..........Edward .... I am not aware of any such aquarium stores in your area.

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FRESHWATER FISHM

I'm glad to see this kind of help on the Internet. As far as I'm concerned, THIS type of thing is what the Internet is all about...getting people connected with the individuals who can truly help. I'll be signing up for your club as soon as I can. I'm glad to see friendly knowledgeable help on the internet, as the number of pet shops here are limited, as are the species of fish available. ' Speaking of which, I am compelled to ask: do you know of any mail order companies (internet or otherwise) that carry a good selection of healthy tropical fish at reasonable prices? I do believe that paying a little extra to get quality fish is worth it in the long run, but some of the stores around here are really gouging the customers.     Scott

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Question.........Hi,  I am writing to ask you questions on breeding goldfish and I don't know what I am doing at all. I was wondering how you can tell the sex of gold fish. This is probably one of the most stupid questions that you have ever received , but I honestly don't know, so please reply. CDR

Answer..........CDR .....Goldfish are difficult to sex. They are non-dimorphic. The best time to tell sex of a goldfish is during breeding time. The female shows abdominal swelling as the eggs develop inside her. The way breeders breed goldfish is to keep large groups together. They often have large group spawning where several males will fertilize the females eggs as they are scattered randomly.

"The Aquarium Doctor"

Question............I recently purchased a pair of gourami, well.. I purchased two. I can not tell the male from the female. The larger of the two has been such a bully towards the other. I decided to get a third, which was equal in size to the larger one. No better luck. He chases them both and nips at them constantly. He has even graduated to bulldozing most of the other inhabitants of the tank, algae eaters (2), tiger Barbs (2). My last resort is to return him to the pet store. I've kept gourami before in a larger tank. They did occassionaly chase each other, but not this constantly. Any suggestions. Thank you, Peter

Answer.........Peter..... Gourami can be very aggressive at times. I have noticed the Blue Gourami and Gold Gourami most often being aggressive. If this behavior persists I would remove this fish in any way possible. Maybe he can be graduated to a tank with tougher inhabitants. If you do want to try to keep him with your fish, it might be a good idea to give all the fish more plant coverage for protection. The Male will have a longer dorsal fin and many times a longer anal fin, check out this species on Andre's pages.

Page 7. A Special Species Of Fresh Water Fish.

"The Aquarium Doctor"

Question.........Hi, I have a 3 inch Gold Severum in a 10 gal. tank along with a pleco. This is a gravel less tank and the water is cycled and maintained. Five days ago, the Severum stopped eating and has become reclusive. There are no physical signs of illness. This fish normally eats flake food, lettuce leaves and occasionally black worms. Since it has stopped eating is has passed two small quantities of translucent white waste; which has the appearance of balled up filter floss. However, under magnification, this waste material is definitely not filter floss. I've been putting antibiotics in the tank for three days. Any idea what this condition could be and how to treat it? I've had this Severum for about a year and would hate to loose it. By the way, this is a very nice Web site. Thanks Don Sobbe

Answer..........Don..... It sounds like an internal bacterial infection. Tetra products makes a medicated food that helps cure internal bacterial infections. Try some new foods with a little more consistency like Cichlid pellets or Krill. A higher protein diet may help your severum since they are primarily a carnivore in the wild. Insects, worms and crustaceans are its natural prey. Severum will eat much vegetation as well, but at this time stay away from too many green foods for him.

"The Aquarium Doctor"

When most of us started keeping aquariums, we went into the hobby blind. We read outdated books and listened to the self-serving advice from our local fish shops. Only after the death of many aquatic animals and the purchase of expensive, useless equipment did we accumulate the knowledge and skills necessary to successfully keep these creatures. Looking back on those years of “trial and error” aquarium keeping, I’ve often wondered why someone never guided people through the setup and maintenance of the aquarium. Well, finally someone is.

If we understand the basic physiological requirements and assume the very serious responsibility of caring and maintaining these delicate creatures, it is possible to enjoy a very interesting and rewarding hobby.

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Question.......I have a question about breeding fish. I have a 90 gal tank set up with some of the following: 1 1in Pink kissing gourami, 1 1in Paradise gourami, 2 1in tiger barbs, 2 1in Blackskirt Tetras, 2 1in Buenos aires tetra, 2 1/2in serape tetras, 3 1in rosy barbs, 3 3/4 zebra danios, 1 4in Arowana, 1 2in Red-Tail Botia, 1 Large Pleco, 1 3in Jack dempsey, and 1 large catfish. The fish that I have more than one of, swim paired together. How do I breed them? Do I need another tank? Have they reached maturity? My blackskirt tetras always swim together and one of them have a really fat belly and the other doesn't. Are they the opposite sex?    Thank You,Chien V Nguyen

Answer.....Chien..For breeding it would be best to create a tank especially for that purpose. Tetras and barbs are egg scatters and can be difficult to breed. Breeders use something called a V-trap. The pair is placed in this trap where the female scatters her eggs while the male simultaneously fertilizes them with a cloud of milt. the eggs fall through a small slit at the bottom of the V-trap where they are away from the parents that show no parental interest and will eat them without hesitation. In the wild the eggs float downstream and lodge in shallow water safe from their parents. In your aquarium there are many fish that can eventually eat or kill some of your other tank mates, such as your Arowana, which can grow very large and your Jack dempsey which can become very territorial. Keep in touch if you have any other questions let me know!

"The Aquarium Doctor"

Question..........If I put a male and female Betta together to mate, & leave them together, will the male eat the babies?

Answer..........You should remove the male betta as soon as the babies are free swimming.  For more information on Bettas spawning behavior checkout Andres page 7 on special species of freshwater fish, then click on betta in the boxes further down the screen on that page. It is a great pictorial of bettas in their spawning mode.

Page 7. A Special Species Of Fresh Water Fish.

"The Aquarium Doctor"  


Question.........My Jack Dempsey (JD) has failing rear fins and redness near the fins. I am new to raising fish. I have a 10 gal w/ 2 JDs about 3 inches, one just recovered from a cottony fungus. now the other is sick. The tank is 40 days old and had an ammonia problem that was fixed. All else is fine. Only Ammo-chips and cotton in the filter. PH 7.2, temp is 78 - 80, water change 25% 10 days ago and 1 tsp of ammo lock, 2 tsp of stresszyme, and 1 tsp of aquasalt, were added, feeding was resumed after one day, am not overfeeding 2-3 pcs of floating JD food each mourning. After, fungus fish recovered and this one is now sick. The other is perfectly fine, good color and movement. Both have good appetites. Sick one is the submissive in the tank. may be losing scales in back as well, dark color, other is lighter and more active. May like to know that an overly aggressive turquoise Garamy was taken out of my other tank, because he was attacking the other fish (4 Tetras, 2 Swords, and one of his own) and killed off his own. I placed him in with the JDs to see if that would change his attitude. He now lives with the JDs, swims the middle of the tank, and picks on the JDs when they are sick, he knows his place and stays out of the way, but seems not to be stressed at all. what do you think? Thank You, Walter

Answer.........Your Jack Dempseys are in need of more space. They are very territorial fish and at three inches each probably would require 10 gallons of space each one. The symptoms you mention sound like aggression related problems. The gourami is not of interest to two territorial Jack Dempseys, they are either fighting for breeding rights or in a prespawning tangle. Cichlids are very aggressive with one another before they win the right to mate with one another. Most likely you have two males or two females though. The reason I say this is because, a mated pair will do anything to clear out a safe haven for their fry and this means the Gourami would be in the way to raising fry and thus eliminated. In a bigger tank these aggressions can be spread out and territories can be established in hope that a mate will pass into them. Jack dempseys will only tolerate one another if they feel their space is not being invaded. It would be best to try to get them to a bigger tank for the sake of their well being, because eventually you will only have one.

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